Look at "settings" -> "Compiler and Debugger"
Under tab "Other"
Has options to add file being compiled directory and top level directory options.
It is NOT want you asked for but it all that I know that codeblocks does.
Note: You do know about "project" -> "Build options" "directories" -> "compiler" Tab this is the normal place to add include search directories. If you do NOT know about that please try it first.
Note: You can add each directory one at a time manually. I think compiler other options not sure on that.
I was thinking to add these folders "..", "../..", "../../.." that may solve your problem, note I would never do it because I like knowing exactly what folders are being searched.
Tim S