For semantic highlight one cannot use lexers, but there is an option to style a given text manually in Scintilla.
I don't suspect it to be efficient but it should be anyway more efficient than semantic highlight in Eclipse CDT.
BTW, C::B is great IDE but its sources are messy... It lacks a good framework (design).
Some examples I've mentioned above and another one I encountered when I wanted to get a project's active build target:
GetActiveBuildTarget returns a wxString and there is no option to get an index or pointer...
IHMO, the right way is to get a pointer to a build target object and then to obtain a wxString just call one of the BT methods...
So... Did you, C::B guys, consider redesigning C::B SDK API and then redesigning plugins?
More complaints to come ;P