[It's in: http://sourceforge.net/p/codeblocks/code/HEAD/tree/branches/codeblocks_console/ and linux-only (might also work on mac).
Oh, I see. I found what is probably an obsolete version from http://svn.code.sf.net/p/codeblocks/code/branches/codeblocks_console
Sorry, still do not get it. It seems SourceForge refers to the same repository which I already downloaded and compiled (http://svn.code.sf.net/p/codeblocks/code/branches/codeblocks_console) and this definitely wants to have $DISPLAY and to display build messages in a floating window, etc:
altair 15:01:28 Linux> DISPLAY= /opt/codeblocks_console/bin/codeblocks --build --target=Debug BuildAcapella.workspace
Error: Unable to initialize gtk, is DISPLAY set properly?
altair 15:55:18 Linux> svn info ~/test/codeblocks_console/
Path: /home/paavo/test/codeblocks_console
Working Copy Root Path: /home/paavo/test/codeblocks_console
URL: http://svn.code.sf.net/p/codeblocks/code/branches/codeblocks_console
Repository Root: http://svn.code.sf.net/p/codeblocks/code
Repository UUID: 2a5c6006-c6dd-42ca-98ab-0921f2732cef
Revision: 8992
Node Kind: directory
Schedule: normal
Last Changed Author: jenslody
Last Changed Rev: 8423
Last Changed Date: 2012-09-30 01:26:41 +0300 (Sun, 30 Sep 2012)
Cheers
Paavo