Hy
I have had the same problem with ubuntu geisty
I tried to manually update libwxgtk2.8-0, but I found that libpango1.0-0 was causing the problem (latest version in repository is 1.18.2 while 1.18.3 is needed)
But after some few "googling", I found that I have to enable updates :lol:
So the solution is very simple:
System-->Administration-->Software Sources-->Updates-->check (Recommended updates) then OK
finally try again this command:
sudo apt-get install libcodeblocks0 codeblocks libwxsmithlib0 codeblocks-contrib
I hope this will help you, please let me now if you get any errors