You were right, it seems that the crashes with wxWidgets 2.8.0 are in fact general crashes when
compat24 is turned off... I'm seeing the same ones in wxWidgets 2.6.3p2 now, that I did with wxWidgets 2.8.0rc1 earlier:
Settings > Environments *crash*
../src/generic/listctrl.cpp(3699): assert "wxAssertFailure" failed: invalid item index in SetItem
Settings > Editor *crash*
../src/generic/listctrl.cpp(3699): assert "wxAssertFailure" failed: invalid item index in SetItem
Settings > Compiler and Debugger *crash*
../src/common/list.cpp(326): assert "wxAssertFailure" failed: invalid index in wxListBase::Item
Settings > Global variables *crash*
../src/mac/carbon/choice.cpp(217): assert "wxAssertFailure" failed: wxChoice::GetString(): invalid index
So it seems that debugging/fixing Code::Blocks with this compat setting turned off in wxWidgets 2.6 is a good idea to start with, as it is both good now and will also help running with wxWidgets 2.8 later ?