Do you have debug symbols? Have you tried with another version of gdb? Are all executables either 32bit or 64bit (gdb, codeblocks, your program)?
Yeah, I have the debug symbols. About the 32bit or 64bit gdb, codeblocks and the program, how can I check if they are at the same configuration? I just installed code blocks and I didn't change nothing as I remember of. You can see the symbols here https://prnt.sc/s2zb29.
Edit:
Hey Dude, I fixed it! I have a path "C:\MinGW\bin" folder, where the MinGW was installed by me (I didn't even remember to installed it there), so I set the debugger of code blocks to use the "gdb.exe" from the "C:\MinGW\bin\" path and it is working now, when I was using the "gdb.exe" from "C:\Program Files\CodeBlocks\MinGW\bin\gdb.exe" didn't work.
But just because I'm curious, why only the "gdb.exe" from the previously installed MinGW works?
I am sorry for "wasting" your time, I am a beginner at programming, C, IDEs and that stuff, so I basically have no idea of what I am doing in the vast majority of the time.