you do not have to build wxWidgets by yourself... Simply install the wxWidgets-dev library from your package manager
sudo apt install libwxgtk3.0-dev
i just try to create a package by myself. The steps i had to do was
sudo apt install devscript debhelper cdbs
then go to the root folder of the codeblock source (where the "debian" folder is) and run
in the console.
It is currently building. This will probably take some time on my machine and i will report back as soon as it finished...
[edit:] i do not know in how far this builds the contrib plugins, or adds the debugging symbols. I have to find this out...