I do not understand what do you mean about the cbp folder...
Did you mean that you separate source code and cbp files? If yes, it is not to be a "newbie". In many projects, build systems are separated from source files. (I think I will try to modify the project wizard to give such kind of separation between source and build system, one day)
To know you you can recover your files, just try to open them with any text editor. Not something like word or wordpad, open-office or other text processor, but something like notepad, notepad++, edit (on command line).
If you can read your file, it is good, you still can use them. If they were modified and can not compile, you will at least be able to reuse part of them.
Cbp files are a bit different, they are plain text too, but they might be damaged because it is a special format, near HTML (they have the same ancestor in fact). So, being readable does not mean that they are not damaged. The only way to know is to open them with C::B (or knowing the internals of this file).
If you can not read your files with text editors, they are damaged and you will need more complex tools to recover them, depending on the file system used on the partition where they are stored.